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How the Inner Circle Concept Originated

Posted By: Jim Hardy on 7/13/2009

Recently, one of our Certified Instructors, George Porter, asked me where the concept of the “inner circle” came from. After finishing my response to him, I thought other folks might be interested to hear how it came about. Often times, we as instructors come up with ways to explain concepts to others that seem to stick. This one did and the story behind it is interesting. Hope you enjoy….

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I am not sure of the exact date when the concept came to me.  It was in the early 90’s.  I was playing poorly.  Coming into impact, I had the club stuck behind me, too flat, too open and too far from the inside.  I had to flip like crazy to hit it and if I didn’t, it was straight right, in the heel.  I tried forever to swing more left but would still get the same impact problems, just in a different direction. 
One day, I rehearsed going to the bad pre-impact position and kept looking at it.  I would then reverse this bad position of the handle and the club head. I tried to get the handle in instead of out with the club head out instead of in. This got the club face square to the plane instead of wildly open.  I kept repeating the two moves to feel the dramatic difference.  Of course to achieve the correct pre-impact position it felt like I was chopping the shaft over my arms with the club face dead closed.  I just kept concentrating on the right elbow staying up and back to accomplish it and would look at it on video.  It of course did not look anything like it felt and the ball flew great.  All I had to do was keep moving the handle during impact and not let it stop.  The harder I turned the club down with the right arm, the higher and with more fade the ball flew.  My mind kept looking for a very low shot left! 
After a few days of this I recalled Hogan talking about his secret in a Life Magazine article that I had read years earlier, where he actively used his right hand as hard as he could right from the top of the swing.  I researched the article and figured I had stumbled onto the same thing he must have.  Instead of the club coming into the ball very shallow, wide open and too far from the inside, the club was steeper, the face was square (it felt dead closed!) and there was none of the late desperate hand action.  It felt the face was de-lofted and square to the target for miles.  I guessed what Hogan felt was what I was feeling. Hogan must have been thinking “they will never figure this one out....how to stop hooking....close the face with the right hand as early and as hard as you can right from the top.”  Wow, was that an opposite concept!
The inner circle and outer circle concept came when I tried to explain it all to my wife.  So she could fully understand it, I drew two arcs on the ground.  I explained that my problem (and all one planers that were under) had the club handle on the outer circle and club head on the inner circle coming into impact with the shaft flat and the face wide open.  I then showed her how to reverse the position by getting the club head on the outer circle and the handle on the inner circle and that this had to be initiated very early in the downswing.  If you waited too long to do it you would always be too late.  I also explained all she had to do once she had initiated the motion is to keep both hands (i.e. the handle of the club) close to her body and moving around to the left on the inner circle. 
When she first tried to do it, she would turn it down but just stop the handle and the club head would just flip past the shaft.  She immediately felt the difference when she would turn it down and keep moving the handle around to the left.  The good news was the ball went perfect. The bad news was she felt as I had, that everything was the dead opposite of what your instincts were yelling at you. Your mind seems to be saying “wait a minute, the club face is too closed, too de-lofted and I am swinging through impact way too far left....the ball is going to go along the ground to the left.”  It just took awhile to believe the perfect ball flight.  To believe that you now had a club face that was trapped square, a ball that couldn’t do anything but go straight or a slight fade and you could truly feel the in-to-in nature of a side-on game.  
16 Comments

    • Jul 13 2009, 6:13 PM steelman
    • That is really cool Jim, I love posts like these. I have a great deal for you because I am sure you had to work for years till you could fully understand the one plane swing.

    • Jul 14 2009, 12:06 AM pmcinnis
    • This was really interesting, and like so many other bits of information we get from the site or the DVD's, continues to help shed light on the subject of the One Plane Swing. Thanks for sharing it with us.

    • Jul 14 2009, 12:53 PM spinetilt
    • Golf is such a paradox, isn't it? Thanks for the cool story, Mr. Hardy.

    • Jul 14 2009, 8:48 PM tjschill
    • Great stuff. Here's the verbatim quote from the '55 Life article: "This simple maneuver [cup of left wrist 4-6 degrees], in addition to the pronation, had the effect of opening the face of the club to the widest practical extreme at the top of the swing. At this point, the swing had been made hook proof. No matter how much wrist I put into the downswing, no matter how hard I swung or how hard I tried to roll into and through the ball, the face of the club could not close fast enough to become absolutely square at the moment of impact. The result was that lovely, long-fading ball which is highly effective weapon on any golf course."

    • Jul 14 2009, 8:57 PM tjschill
    • A picture is worth a thousand words... http://www.julesalexander.com/hogan.html

    • Jul 15 2009, 6:42 AM Jim Hardy
    • Mike LaBauve gave me a very large framed print of that photo you refer to for Christmas years ago that I have hanging in my home It is the absolute perfection of turning down onto the inner circle.

    • Jul 15 2009, 6:46 PM thomas schilling
    • Hogan was the consumate shotmaker... ... Here's more of an open clubface with a little higher delivery point (less on the inner circle): http://www.historicgolfphotos.com/Ben_Hogan_swing_shot_from_sequence7th_of_12_image_pictures_photos_art-0751-9910.html What's the likely result? What shot was he trying to hit? Hogan said he didn't use the "secret" but 80 percent of the time...

    • Jul 19 2009, 1:45 PM DaveDay
    • Jim, Thanks so much for your post above. I have a question concerning a video I posted of Hogan down the line from the top. In your video section I called it Hogan_from_the_top. It is at this url: http://www.planetruthgolf.com/Videos/VideoPlayer/TabId/174/VideoId/158/Hoganfromthetop.aspx I got it from youtube.com. I would love to read/hear your take on this video. Is it a good example of what you want us to do? I am inclined to think so but would love have your input. Either way, perhaps this would be a good area to cover in a future Secrets DVD. Thanks, DaveDay

    • Jul 21 2009, 11:11 PM GeneK
    • I just saw that Alexander photo hanging in the clubhouse at Maycama GC in Calif. I actually took a photo of it with my camera b/c i thought that it must be a good image to capture. I am glad that you think so also.

    • Jul 25 2009, 9:27 PM Rober Green
    • Fantastic blog Jim. One of your most insightful and helpful lessons ever! Dave Day-- that video is awesome. You can totally see how the right elbow stays behind the right hip and then it's just turn, turn, turn baby! All the way to the finish! Great work gentlemen, great work! Robert Green PGA Asheville, NC

    • Jul 27 2009, 11:52 AM Dave Day
    • Robert Green - Thanks. The correct motion from the top, down and around has been one of the enduring mysteries on this board, much discussed and little understood from where I sit. I think that that video and this one at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rZvxZvLKGEw illuminate the movements down and around better than any I have seen. Notice in slow motion driver swing that the author has picked his/her frames carefully. When the right forearm is level on the way down, the club shaft points at the ball. In the next frame, when the club shaft is level and parallel to the target line, the right forearm points to the ball. Simple. Beautiful. Regards, Dave

    • Jul 30 2009, 5:01 PM tjschill
    • Now Dave... that video in my mind disputes as much of Jim's ideas as any... and I'm a big fan... But I don't see the right arm "up and behind"-- in fact the right elbow is in FRONT of the right hip on the downswing (in "pitch" not "punch" position). Also, I see the clubface OPEN deep into the downswing, not closing early as JH recommends with the twist and throw... Not saying Hogan wasn't a 1planer... its just that I have never been a fan of that video as supportive of JH's concepts, much less a shining example...

    • Aug 02 2009, 11:30 AM Barbara Keast (nee Rosen)
    • This comment is for Jim Hardy. Wow, I'm so proud of you. You are great. My son Bob is trying to get in touch with you to take lessons. He has finally gone back to golf.

    • Aug 11 2009, 2:56 PM Robert Green
    • tjschill-- I think it's time for a trip to the optician! How can you not see that Hogan's elbow is up and behind in Dave's video. It is ABSOLUTELY not in front of the hip until it is flung past the hip as the club head and right arm moves through and into the follow through. The right elbow stays back on the right hip and the left hip turns out of the way-- opens the cattle gate, in the words of JH. In so doing the hands drop onto the inner circle and the clubhead moves onto the outer circle. From my vantage point it is crystal clear. Any thoughts or comments JH?

    • Aug 11 2009, 7:22 PM Dave Day
    • Robert Green - Thanks for the support. Tjschill has contributed much to this forum over the years, including a ringing endorsement of the second video I cited in my original comment, which shows the same characteristics we both see in the first "Hogan_from_the_top" video. I don't know about you, but when I stand up straight and look at where the seam of my shirt disappears beneath my trousers, it is at my pants pocket. Clearly, Hogan's right elbow is behind his right pants pocket in this video both at the top and at impact (single step through the video one frame at a time and you can clearly see it. You will have to download the video to do this.) so it is also back at least to the seam of his shirt. As I mentioned in my original post, I wouldn't mind if a future Secrets DVD were to cover the down swing and through the ball from this perspective. For now, these two videos are very helpful for my son and I in an area that JH has not fully illuminated for us, at least as far as I am aware. Regards, Dave

    • Aug 19 2009, 8:39 AM Rickenator
    • I can't speak for Tjschill, but for me, I think my confusion stems from the terminology. Jim refers to this as "up and behind the hip". To me, I've always thought of the hip as being on the side, the area between the very front of your thigh and your buttock. So when someone says up and behind the hip, that would mean to me that their elbow is on their buttock, which I don't see in any of the examples given regularly on the forums. When I see both of your descriptions of the elbow on the hip or on the right pocket, it makes much more sense to me. Thanks, Rick

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